{"id":5483,"date":"2016-11-04T13:50:25","date_gmt":"2016-11-04T17:50:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/?p=5483"},"modified":"2021-02-02T23:07:48","modified_gmt":"2021-02-03T04:07:48","slug":"thuong-mai-tu-do-va-dan-chu-truong-hop-ceta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/?p=5483","title":{"rendered":"Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7: tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p CETA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea1m V\u0169 L\u1eeda H\u1ea1<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\"Th\u1ee7
Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Canada Justin Trudeau, \u1edf gi\u1eefa h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh CETA v\u1edbi Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee6y ban Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u Jean-Claude Juncker, tr\u00e1i, v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u Donald Tusk, ph\u1ea3i, h\u00f4m 30-10 t\u1ea1i Brussels. (\u1ea2nh: Thierry Monasse\/Associated Press)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sau b\u1ea3y n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i ph\u00fat ch\u00f3t su\u00fdt g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1, h\u00f4m Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt 30-10 t\u1ea1i Brussels, B\u1ec9, Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) v\u00e0 Canada \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n (CETA).<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Canada Justin Trudeau \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean l\u1ecbch bay t\u1edbi Brussels \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27-10, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n khi CETA m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa b\u1ecb b\u1ebf t\u1eafc v\u00ec Wallonia, v\u00f9ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1ec9, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i. T\u1edbi t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y 28-10, ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y m\u1edbi ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn sau khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Canada.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng CETA s\u1ebd t\u0103ng 20% th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 xe h\u01a1i. Theo c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, CETA s\u1ebd t\u0103ng GDP h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u00ean: 12 t\u1ef7 euro cho EU, v\u00e0 12 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4-la Canada cho Canada.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eefa l\u00fac th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do \u0111ang t\u1ee9 b\u1ec1 th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecbch do s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u00fay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed b\u1eb1ng chi\u00eau b\u00e0i ch\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, CETA l\u00e0 tin vui cho c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean. Canada b\u1edbt ph\u1ea3i l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 b\u1edbt b\u0103n kho\u0103n khi Donald Trump lu\u00f4n mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u00f2i x\u00e9 b\u1ecf Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 do B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 (NAFTA). EU c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf G7 khi uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m sau khi V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu r\u1eddi b\u1ecf EU. \u00dd ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi Canada, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 12 c\u1ee7a EU. N\u1ebfu CETA b\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh, EU coi nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau tan hy v\u1ecdng k\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 hay Nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Canada s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n v\u00ec \u0110\u1ea3ng T\u1ef1 do n\u1eafm \u0111a s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf. Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n CETA, v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi quan s\u00e1t EU cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng 95% hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c sau khi EU v\u00e0 Canada ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n. Tr\u1eeb phi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn CETA s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2017.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (ISDS). C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Gay c\u1ea5n ph\u00fat ch\u00f3t<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u
Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng CETA b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng Wallonia h\u00f4m 18-10-2016. (\u1ea2nh: Nicolas Lambert)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

CETA ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 28 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean EU \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, v\u00e0 B\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. H\u00f4m 14-10, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean 18-10, ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng Wallonia, m\u1ed9t trong ba v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9, b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf CETA. Gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c EU v\u00e0 B\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0nh so\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa 500 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n EU v\u00e0 35 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n Canada.<\/p>\n

EU lo ng\u1ea1i s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng Slovakia Peter Ziga, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh EU-Canada \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi Canada, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ai n\u1eefa? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u. B\u1ec9 l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean EU ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d, khi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp EU.<\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng Wallonia lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eadt kh\u1ecfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng do kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n r\u1ebb nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb Canada v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u00f3a s\u1ed5. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Wallonia c\u0169ng n\u00f3i hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 (TTIP), m\u00e0 h\u1ecd lo ng\u1ea1i s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi k\u1ebf sinh nhai, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u, nh\u01b0 CETA, t\u1eadp trung b\u00e3i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Sau 7 n\u0103m th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u m\u01a1 t\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n th\u1eb3ng cho Canada m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u b\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh v\u00ec e ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng CETA s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng; h\u1ecd nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n ISDS do hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi l\u1eadp ra s\u1ebd thi\u00ean v\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi B\u1ec9 tu\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn CETA, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n ISDS s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a 28 n\u01b0\u1edbc EU (t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 38 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng). Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u00f2a \u00e1n ISDS s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong EU b\u00e1c b\u1ecf n\u00f3, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Canada n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n ISDS, v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u1edf 28 n\u01b0\u1edbc EU.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn hai trong ba<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ee3i k\u1ebb thi\u1ec7t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u00ec \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebb thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i th\u00ec quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. CETA c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n; h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng vui khi 99% thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u gi\u1eefa Canada v\u00e0 EU s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf. \u1ede Wallonia c\u1ee9 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con b\u00f2, v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n r\u1ebb nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb Canada.<\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng Wallonia c\u00f3 3,5 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 0,7% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 EU. M\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e0 c\u1ea3n m\u0169i ph\u00fat ch\u00f3t cho m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi h\u01a1n n\u1eeda t\u1ef7 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Dani Rodrik, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Wallonia m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u00e0y t\u1ecf b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi k\u1ef9 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n coi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i lo c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, h\u1ecd lo r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ebd \u00edt h\u01a1n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Rodrik ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201ctam nan \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a<\/em>\u201d (globalization trilemma<\/em>), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a hai trong ba \u0111i\u1ec1u sau: h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng k\u1ebb thua. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf cho l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thua thi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n h\u1ea1i (d\u00f9 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch r\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u). \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a cao h\u01a1n (h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n), th\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i ph\u1edbt l\u1edd \u00fd ki\u1ebfn d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ecf nh\u00e1nh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7), ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed5i n\u01a1i ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u00e1nh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia). Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Rodrik t\u1eebng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a h\u00e0m \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean t\u1ea7m qu\u1ed1c gia (supra-national).<\/p>\n

Song, \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Wallonia l\u00ean ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean bang c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9, ho\u1eb7c ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. N\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7t ra khi ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a: quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dung h\u00f2a t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 m\u1edf c\u1eeda ra to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (\u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 hai t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t)?<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n (nh\u01b0 li\u00ean bang) n\u00ean \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1eeda h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 h\u1eb9p (nh\u01b0 t\u1ec9nh, v\u00f9ng) v\u00ec c\u00e1n c\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ee3i k\u1ebb thi\u1ec7t trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1n c\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n thi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c li\u00ean minh h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 cho nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Wallonia, kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do, m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\"ceta-numbers\"<\/p>\n

\u00a9\u00a02016 Ph\u1ea1m V\u0169 L\u1eeda H\u1ea1<\/a><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i li\u00ean quan: Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do: l\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef \u00edt<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh CETA gi\u1eefa EU v\u00e0 Canada su\u00fdt \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0o ph\u00fat ch\u00f3t do ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u201ctam nan \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a\u201d: ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a hai trong ba \u0111i\u1ec1u: h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[5,6],"tags":[389],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/CETA-protest.png?fit=360%2C239&ssl=1","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7qNYI-1qr","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5483"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5483"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6202,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5483\/revisions\/6202"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lendongxuongdoai.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}